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Circle Sphere Calculator ​​ Instructions: Review the methodology to ensure it aligns with your project's requirements. Select US or Metric Units Select Input type: Diameter​ of a Circle or Sphere Radius of a Circle of Sphere Circumference of a Circle of Sphere Area of a Circle Volume of a Sphere Area of a Sphere Enter Input value Select the units for the input value. Click the Calculate button The results are displayed in the Results table ​ ​ Methodology, Equations and Examples: Welcome to our Circle/Sphere Calculator! With our user-friendly tool, you can effortlessly find the area of a circle, the radius, the diameter, the circumference of a circle, and the area of a circle. Our Circle/Sphere Calculator also allows you to calculate the volume of a sphere and the surface area of a sphere. ​ This area of a Circle Calculator can easily Calculate the area of a circle, surface area of a sphere, volume of a sphere, circumference of a circle, radius of a circle, and diameter of a circle. Input any measurement, and our calculator will promptly provide you with the results of all other measurements, eliminating the need for manual calculations. ​ The mathematical constant π (pi) is vital for circle calculations. It is the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter. It is approximately equal to 3.14159. Our Circle Calculator employs this constant to ensure precise calculations. Cir Dia Area Circumference The radius is the distance between the center of a circle or sphere and any point on its circumference or surface. By determining the radius and diameter, you can find the circumference area and vice versa. Our Circle/Sphere calculator extends its capabilities to sphere calculations. If you have the volume or surface area of a sphere, our Circle/Sphere Calculator can swiftly calculate the radius and diameter. This feature is particularly u seful for engineers, mathematicians, and students who work with three-dimensional shapes. ​ The Equations for the radius, diameter, circumference, area of a circle, volume of a sphere, and surface area of a sphere are: ​ Diameter = 2 x R Area of a Circle = π x D^2 /4 Circumference = π x D Volume of a Sphere = 4/3 x π x R^3 Area of a Sphere = 4 x π x R^2 ​ where: D= diameter R= radius ​ Example 1 : A soccer ball has a volume of 5,575 cm^3 . Calculate the radius of the soccer ball. ​ Volume = 4/3 x π x R^3 ​ Rearrange terms to solve for R: ​ R = (3 x V / 4 / π )^(1/3) ​ Substitute given value for the Volume: ​ R = (3 x 5,575 cm^3 /4 / π ) = 10.9998 cm ​ Example 2 : Find the surface area of the soccer ball from Example 1 ​ Surface Area of a Sphere = 4 x π x R^2 ​ Substitute calculated value for the radius, R, Example 1 (10.9998 cm): ​ A = 4 x π x (10.9998 cm)^2 = 1,520.48 cm^2

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SH Window Size Chart Converter ​ Instructions: Select the window Size Code The single-hung window sizes for Frame Size, Masonry Opening, and Clear Opening Size will populate the table. ​ Note that egress windows are denoted with an "*" Window Size Chart Converter Architects and Engineers often use an abbreviated nomenclature to denote the size of single-hung windows. Measurements seem to vary slightly given different manufacturers, so this calculator should be used as a general guide for window frames, masonry openings, and clear opening sizes. For the most accurate results, verify the actual dimensions with the manufacturer. RELATED CALCULATORS: Heating and Cooling Equip Efficiency Converter U/SHGC Default Values Temperature Converter Duct Size Calculator

Bilinear Interpolation / Double Interpolation Instructions: Review the methodology to ensure it aligns with your project's requirements. Enter x1 and x2, which are the known bounding values for x Enter x, which is the value for which you are interpolating Enter y1 and y2, which are the known bounding values for y Enter y, which is the value for which you are interpolating Enter P11, P12, P21, and P22, which are the data points at (x1,y1), (x1,y2), (x2,y1) and (x,y2) respectively. Click the Calculate button, and the interpolated value will be shown in Red in the center box. RELATED CALCULATOR: Linear Interpolation Bilinear Interpolation Methodology, Equations & Example: Adicot, Inc.'s Bilinear Interpolation Calculator is a quick and easy tool to return the interpolated value based on the bilinear interpolation algorithm. The term "bilinear" refers to an interpolation technique that considers the values of the four nearest neighboring pixels (or data points) to estimate the value of a point within the grid. These four points form a square, and the interpolation calculates the weighted average of their values based on the distance from the desired point. In addition to "bilinear interpolation," this technique may also be referred to as "double interpolation" or "bi-linear filtering" in certain contexts. Bilinear interpolation is performed by considering the distances of the desired point from each of the four nearest pixels. The distances are used to calculate weighting factors, which determine the contribution of each pixel to the interpolated value. The closer a pixel is to the desired point, the higher its weight. Once the weights are determined, they are multiplied by the corresponding point values and summed to obtain the interpolated value. ​ The method of Bilinear Interpolation or double interpolation is as follows: ​ Step 1 Perform a linear interpolation at point (x,y1): ​ R( x ,y1 ) = P11(x2-x)/(x2-x1) + P21(x-x1)/(x2-x1) ​ Step 2 Perform a linear interpolation at point (x,y2): ​ R( x,y2 ) = P12(x2-x)/(x2-x1) + P22(x-x1)/(x2-x1) ​ Step 3 Perform a linear interpolation at point (x,y) using the results from Step 1 and Step 2: ​ R( x,y) = R ( x,y1 ) (y2-y)/(y2-y1) + R ( x,y2 ) (y-y1)/(y2-y1) ​ Step 4 Substitute values for R ( x,y2) and R ( x,y2) to find the resulting interpolated value, R(x,y) , at point (x,y): ​ R(x,y) = P11(x2-x)(y2-y)/((x2-x1)(y2-y1)) + P21(x-x1)(y2-y)/((x2-x1)(y2-y1)) + P12(x2-x)(y-y1)/((x2-x1)(y2-y1)) + P22(x-x1)(y-y1)/((x2-x1)(y2-y1)) Jump to Examples Bilinear Interpolation Example Example: Suppose you want to calculate the Total Cooling Capacity of a 5-ton Bryant® package unit . A snippet of the equipment's performance data table at design conditions is provided. For our scenario, the design conditions are: Condenser Entering Air Temperature: 79oF Evaporator Entering Wet Bulb Temperature: 65oF ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Solution: ​ This problem will be solved three times. Solution 1 will be to actually perform linear interpolation three times using Steps 1, 2, and 3 above. Solution 2 will use the combined bilinear interpolation equation shown in Step 4 above. Solution 3 will show how to use the calculator to quickly and accurately obtain the results. ​ For all solutions, the following inputs are below as provided in the table or given values: ​ P11 = 55.04 MBtuh P12 = 59.00 MBtuh P21 = 52.59 MBtuh P22 = 56.34 MBtuh x1 = 75oF x2 = 85oF y1 = 63oF y2 = 67oF x = 79oF y = 65oF ​ ​ ​ Solution 1: ​ Step 1 : Interpolate around point (x,y1) ​ R ( x ,y1 ) = P11(x2-x)/(x2-x1) + P21(x-x1)/(x2-x1) = 55.04 (85-79)/(85-75) + 52.59 (79-75)/(85-75) = 54.06 MBtuh ​ ​ Step 2: Interpolate around point (x,y2) ​ R( x,y2 ) = P12(x2-x)/(x2-x1) + P22(x-x1)/(x2-x1) = 59.00(85-79)/(85-75) + 56.34(79-75)/(85-75) =57.936 MBtuh ​ ​ Step 3 Perform a linear interpolation at point (x,y) using the results from Step 1 and Step 2: ​ R( x,y) = R ( x,y1 ) (y2-y)/(y2-y1) + R ( x,y2 ) (y-y1)/(y2-y1) = 54.06(67-65)/(67-63) + 57.936(65-63)/(67-63) =55.998 MBtuh ​ ​ ​ ​ Solution 2: ​ The bilinear interpolation as a single equation as shown above: ​ R(x,y) = P11(x2-x)(y2-y)/((x2-x1)(y2-y1)) + P21(x-x1)(y2-y)/((x2-x1)(y2-y1)) + P12(x2-x)(y-y1)/((x2-x1)(y2-y1)) + P22(x-x1)(y-y1)/((x2-x1)(y2-y1)) ​ R(x,y) =55.04(85-79)(67-65)/((85-75)(67-63))+52.59(79-75)(67-65)/((85-75)(67-63))+59.00(85-79)(65-63)/((85-75)(67-63))+56.34(79-75)(65-63)/((85-75)(67-63)) =55.998 MBtuh ​ Solution 3 : To Solve using the calculator, enter the inputs in the same order that they appear in the table. Below is a table showing the inputs. The result is shown in red in the middle of the table as 55.998MBtuh. ​ ​

COOLING LOAD BALLPARK ESTIMATOR Cooling Load Sanity Check Instructions: Review the methodology to ensure it aligns with your project's requirements. Select US or Metric Units. Enter the project area. Select the building type from the dropdown menu. We encourage you to try different building types to see the full possible range of cooling loads and to better hone in on the correct result for your project. The results will appear in the table. RELATED CALCULATORS: Air Mixing Calculator Condensate Generated Duct Size Calculator Psychrometric Calculations Methodology: The calculator computes the Occupants, Lighting, and Refrigeration based on the building type and the building's square footage. Some building types will result in a range of results, while some will provide singular results for lighting, occupancy, and refrigeration. We encourage you to review the Building Type list and try different building types to understand the possible range and hone in on the best result for your project. Welcome to Adicot's Cooling Load Ballpark Estimator, where precision meets practicality. This powerful tool is designed to quickly and reliably estimate cooling load requirements for various spaces. Whether you're an HVAC professional, an architect, or a building owner, our calculator offers a quick way to get a pre-design ballpark estimate of your cooling load before a full analysis has been performed or to compare with your load calculation results. The calculator is not intended to replace a proper load calculation but instead gives an insight into a range of what other buildings of the same type have historically installed for refrigeration, occupancy, and lights and equipment. These estimates do not consider any of the customary inputs used in a load calculation; for example, building materials efficiencies, geographic location, building orientation, number of windows, etc. When using this calculator, consider that as buildings become more efficient and lighting and equipment become more efficient, the watts and tons will trend lower. This information was adapted from ASHRAE Fundamentals Handbook and other various sources.

Long-term Capital Gains Estimator* *Note: Short-term capital gains, property held for less than one year, are added to your income tax and taxed at the ordinary income tax rate of your tax bracket. Instructions: Review the methodology to ensure it aligns with your project's requirements. Enter the Original Purchase Price of the Property. Enter the Sales Price of the Property. Enter any expenses and improvements incurred to prepare for the sale of the property. Click here to learn more about expenses . Enter the value of any remaining mortgage. This optional input is only used to calculate the Estimated Remaining Cash on Hand. Enter the sales commission on the sale of the property. Select Yes if this has been your primary residence for two of the last five years. For additional information, See IRS Topic 701, Sale of Your Home . Enter your marital status. This will affect your possible exemption amount and your Capital Gains Tax Rate. Enter your 2022 Taxable Income but do not include this capital gain. Your Capital Gains Tax Rate is dependent on your taxable income. For more information, see this Nerd Wallet article, Capital Gains Tax: 2022-2023 Tax Rates and Calculator . Enter the purchase price of your next property. This optional input is only used to calculate the Estimated Remaining cash on Hand. Click the Calculate button to calculate the Estimated Net Proceeds from Sale and Estimated Remaining Cash on Hand. Capital Gains Estimator Methodology, Equations, and Example: ​ Capital gains refer to the profits earned from the sale or disposition of a capital asset, such as stocks, bonds, real estate, or valuable personal property. It represents the difference between the sale price and the asset's original purchase price. A capital gain is realized when the sale price exceeds the purchase price, while a capital loss is incurred if the sale price is lower. Capital gains are typically subject to taxation in many countries, including the United States, where they are taxed at different rates than regular income. The taxation of capital gains can vary depending on factors such as the asset's holding period and the taxpayer's income level. For more specific information and details, it is recommended to consult relevant tax laws and regulations in the particular jurisdiction or visit the IRS Topic No. 409, Capital Gains and Losses . ​ Expenses: When calculating capital gains tax, certain expenses related to preparing the property for sale and closing costs can be considered to reduce the taxable gain. These expenses are generally referred to as "costs of acquisition" and "costs of disposition." Costs of acquisition may include expenses incurred to acquire or improve the property, such as real estate agent commissions, legal fees, title search fees, and any costs associated with renovations or repairs that directly increase the property's value. Disposition costs encompass expenses that directly relate to the sale of the property, including real estate agent commissions, advertising costs, and legal fees involved in the transfer of ownership. Not all expenses may be eligible for a deduction, and the specific rules and regulations regarding the deductibility of these expenses can vary depending on the jurisdiction. This calculator is only an estimator, and it is advisable to consult with a tax professional and refer to relevant tax laws and regulations in your specific jurisdiction for accurate and up-to-date information regarding the deductibility of expenses when calculating capital gains tax. ​ Short Term Capital Gains, property held for one year or less, are added to your income tax. This calculator is to be used only for long-term capital gains. ​ Example: ​ ​ A married couple purchased a home in 2019 for $555,000 and held a $100,000 mortgage . They spent the next four years and $300,000 renovating the property. In 2023, they sold the property for $1,900,000 and paid 7% in real estate fees. Their 2022 combined taxable income is $260,000 . Note that this does not include the capital gain from the sale of their property. ​ Capital Gain = Sales Price x (1 - % Sales Commission ) - Original Purchase Price - Expenses - Excluded Amount ​ Based on the example: $1,900,000 x (1 - 7%) - $555,000 - $300,000 - $500,000 = $412,000 ​ Where: Sales Price - The property's sale price Sales Commission - Commission and fees paid on the property sale. This is known as "costs of deposition" Original Purchase Price - Original purchase price of the property. This is known as "costs of acquisition" Expenses - Expenses incurred to prepare the property for sale. This is known as "costs of acquisition" Excluded Amount - This is an exclusion the IRS allows on the gains. The property must have been the primary residence for two of the last five years. If that condition is met, "you may qualify to exclude up to $250,000 of that gain from your income, or up to $500,000 of that gain if you file a joint return with your spouse." This information is from IRS.gov, Topic No. 701, Sale of your House . ​ ​ ​ ​ Capital Gains Taxable Rate : ​ = Capital Gain + Taxable Income . Look up this value in the table below to calculate the Long Term Capital Gains Rate. ​ RELATED CALCULATORS: Present & Future Value (Engineering Economics) Break-Even Calculator Costs of Acquisiton and Costs of Disposition Long Term Capital Gains Rates Adapted from IRS Topic No. 409, Capital Gains and Losses ​ ​ Based on the example: $412,000 + $260,000 = $672,000 ​ Taxed at 0%: $83,350 Tax Amount: $0 Taxed at 15%: $433,849 Tax Amount: $65,077.35 Taxed at 20%: $154,801 Tax Amount: $30,960.20 $672,000 $96,037.55 ​ Tax rate = $96,037.55 / $672,000 x 100% = 14.29% ​ ​ Where : Taxable Income - Your taxable income, not including this capital gain. ​ ​ Capital Gains Tax: ​ = Capital Gains x Capital Gains Rate ​ Based on the example: $412,000 x 14.29% = $58,880.16 ​ ​ Estimated Net Proceeds from Sale: ​ = Sales Price x (1 - % Sales Commission ) - Original Purchase Price - Expenses - Capital Gains Tax ​ Based on the example: $1,900,000 x (1 - 0.07%) - $555,000 - $300,000 - $58,880 = $853,120 ​ ​ Estimated Remaining Cash on Hand: ​ = Sales Price x (1 - % Sales Commission ) - Capital Gains Tax - Remaining Mortgage (optional ) - New Home Purchase Price (optional) ​ Based on the example: $1,900,000 x (1 - 0.07%) - $58,880 - $100,000 = $1,608,120 ​

Dehumidifier Selection Calculator Instructions: Review the methodology to ensure it aligns with your project's requirements. Enter Units: Pints/day, BTU/h, or kW Use Slider to select the required capacity. A list of dehumidifier options will populate the table. In the results table, clicking on one of the "Manufacturer & Model" buttons will bring you to the manufacturer's specification sheet. RELATED CALCULATOR: CONDENSATE CONVERTER CALCULATOR Converts between units of BTU/h, Pints/day, Gallons/hr, l/hr, etc. Jump to Methodology & Equations Methodology & Equations Methodology & Equations: ​ Although dehumidifiers are rated in units of Pints/day, engineers must often select dehumidifiers given the latent load in either BTU/h or kW. Using Adicot's calculator, you can enter the dehumidifier capacity in Pints/day, BTU/h, or kW. Regardless of your input, this calculator will select a dehumidifier based on the methodology and equations below. This calculator was developed out of necessity due to the limited number of tools engineers have to size dehumidifiers. This calculator is recommended to be used as a preliminary equipment selection tool, and the final equipment selection should be verified with the manufacturer and engineer. ​ The calculator selects dehumidifier(s) based on the manufacturer's rated Pints/day capacity. Users can enter the capacity in Pints/day, Btu/h, or kW. ​ If the user enters the capacity in Btu/h, the calculator first converts that capacity to Pints/day using the equation: Pints/day = BTU/h / 1.04 lb/pint x 24 hrs/day / 1055 BTU/lb Example : The space has an excess latent load of 4,100 BTU/h. Convert this value to Pints/day ​ Pints/day = 4,100 BTU/h / 1.04lb/pint x 24 h/day / 1055 BTU/lb = 90 Pints/day ​ Similarly, if the user enters the capacity in kW, the calculator first converts that capacity to pints per day using the equation: ​ Pints/day = kW x 3412.142 BTU/h / kW / 1.04 lb/pint x 24 hrs/day / 1055 BTU/lb ​ Example : The space has an excess latent load of 1.2 kW. Convert this value to Pints/day ​ Pints/day = 1.2 kW x 3412.142 BTU/h / kW / 1.04lb/pint x 24 h/day / 1055 BTU/lb = 90 Pints/day ​ The pints per day are then compared to the manufacturer's literature to provide a list of matching dehumidifier(s). The dehumidifiers shown will meet and/or exceed your entered capacity.

FLORIDA BUILDING CODE ENERGY CONSERVATION FILLABLE FORM C402-2020 ALTERATIONS, RENOVATIONS, AND BUILDING SYSTEMS Click here for the Fillable Residential Energy Form Welcome to Adicot, Inc.'s Fillable Florida Energy Code Form C402-2020 , which includes the 2022 Supplement to the 7th Edition (2020) Florida Building Code (Supplement 1) . Adicot's fillable form allows users to easily and quickly calculate compliance with Florida's Energy Code requirements. This form is based on the 7th Edition of the Florida Energy Conservation Code. It is a fillable form, so users can quickly update and save their calculations for future reference. This form is invaluable for engineers, contractors, architects, and builders. ​ Instructions: Enter the Project Information required fields: Project Name, Project County, Occupancy Type, Project Type, and Building Orientation. Note : if the County options are shown as [Dymanic Dropdown] , you must refresh the page. Enter any additional Project Information you have. Select which building components are changing. For example, if you are only changing the Air Conditioning System, select Yes next to Air Conditioning System and select No or leave blank every other building component. Scroll down to the BUILDING ENVELOPE and/or BUILDING SYSTEMS INFORMATION Section of the form and fill out each section in its entirety. Note : if any options are shown as [Dymanic Dropdown] , you must refresh the page. Click the Next -> button at the top or bottom of the form. Print your form by clicking on the Print button at the top or bottom of the form. ​ Commercial Enrgy

HVAC Calculators Converters/Reference General Calculators Air Change Rate Calculator ​ Air Mixing Calculator Fluid Mixing Calculator Coil Selection Calculator Reheat/Heating Coil Sizing Calculator **NEW** Cooling Load (Sanity) Check Commercial Kitchen Exhaust Hood (ASHRAE) Condensate Rate Calculator Condensate Pump Sizer Dehumidifier Sizer Moisture Removal Unit Converter Duct Size Calculator Diffuser Size Calculator FPM to CFM Converter Psychrometric Calculator Vapor Pressure Deficit (VPD) Wind Pressure on Mechanical Equipment CLTD Roof Number & Wall Number (ASHRAE) ​ EER SEER COP Converter ​ kW, BTU, HP, Ton, lbf Ohms Law with Power Calculator ​ Temperature Converter Window SH-# Sizer U-Factor & SHGC Code Defaults Forms Energy Form: Commercial Residential ​ Work Order: Commercial Residential Break-Even Calculator Engineering Economics / Present & Future Value Capital Gains Estimator ​ Interpolation - Bilinear Interpolation - Linear ​ Picture Hanger Height ​ Circle Area & Circumference **NEW** Links AHRI Certified Product Performance ​ ASCE 7 Online ASHRAE Climate Design Conditions ASHRAE Online Handbook ATC Wind Speed by Address Florida Building Code (FBC) International Building Code (IBC) Texas Building Code We are always updating out HVAC Widgets - Bookmark this site and come back often.

Diffuser Size Calculator Instructions: Review the methodology to ensure it aligns with your project's requirements. Select US or Metric units Select the Diffuser or Grill Type, Return Grill, 1-Way Diffuser, 2-Way Diffuser, etc. Enter the velocity criteria, FPM [m/s] Enter the flow rate, CFM [l/s] Click the Calculate Button The Results Table will populate with Diffusers that meet the specified criteria. A link to a sample specification sheet is located above the table. ​ Click here to jump to the table of Noise Criterion (NC) based on the ASHRAE Handbook. RELATED CALCULATOR: DUCT SIZE CALCULATOR Size flexible duct, duct board, and metal ducts Jump to Methodology Diffuser Size Calculator Nomenclature : Ps-Static Pressure [in. wg] NC-Noise Criterion Throw-Throw estimates based on terminal velocities of 100 FPM and 50 FPM respectively [ft] ​ Adicot is not affiliated nor do we recommend any diffuser/grille manufacturers. Any references or links to specific manufacturers are for illustrative purposes only. Methodology: ​ The Diffuser Size Calculator is a technical tool designed to assist engineers and HVAC professionals in calculating the appropriate size of diffusers for use in commercial and residential air distribution systems. The tool calculates the optimal diffuser size, taking into account factors such as air velocity, throw distance, static pressure, and air pattern dispersion. A properly sized diffuser is essential for ensuring that conditioned air is distributed evenly and efficiently throughout a building, which can help to improve indoor air quality and reduce energy costs. This tool can save time and effort for professionals who need to select and install the appropriate diffusers for their HVAC systems. ​ Diffusers can be sized based on Noise Criterion (click on the table to the right for ASHRAE Fundamentals-based recommendations based on room type), available static pressure, and/or throw. You can vary the FPM input to hone in on the correct diffuser size for your project. Below is a table of recommended noise criteria values based on Room Type. The values are based on ASHRAE's Handbook, Chapter 49, Noise and Vibration Control, Table 1, https://www.ashrae.org/technical-resources/ashrae-handbook/ashrae-handbook-online. Table of Diffuser/Grille Noise Criterion Design Guidelines for HVAC-Related Background Sound in Rooms

CLTD Roof & Wall Number Welcome to Adicot, Inc.'s CLTD Roof and Wall Number Calculator, a powerful tool designed to simplify the calculation process for professionals in the building and construction industry. This calculator is specifically tailored to assist in determining roof and wall numbers, which are essential components in ASHRAE's CLTD (Cooling Load Temperature Difference) Cooling Load Calculation method. Users input parameters such as roof and wall construction materials and insulation levels, and the calculator will return the CLTD roof and wall numbers. These numbers are critical in evaluating heat transfer through the building envelope and are used as inputs in ASHRAE's CLTD method. Engineers and energy consultants can use this calculator for accurate cooling load for proper HVAC system selection and equipment sizing. The CLTD Roof and Wall Number Calculator by Adicot, Inc. empowers professionals in the building industry, streamlining the calculation process and enhancing accuracy. Its user-friendly interface makes this calculator a valuable asset for architects, engineers, energy consultants, and contractors. Stay ahead in the ever-evolving field of building performance and leverage the power of the CLTD Roof and Wall Number Calculator to optimize your projects and deliver exceptional results. Instructions: Review the methodology to ensure it aligns with your project's requirements. Roof: Enter the Roof Type Enter the Mass Location Enter the Insulation R-Value The CLTD Roof Number will be shown in the CLTD Roof Number box. ​ Wall: Enter the Wall Material Enter the Mass Location Enter the Secondary Wall Material Enter the Insulation R-Value The CLTD Wall Number will be shown in the CLTD Wwall Number box. ​ Methodology: This calculator is based on the 1997 ASHRAE Handbook, Fundamental, Table 31, page 28.42 for Roofs and Tables 33A, 33B, and 33C for Walls. RELATED CALCULATORS: Cooling Load Ballpark Estimator Duct Size Calculator SH-# Window Size Calculator Window U/SHGC Defaults CLTD