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kW, HP, BTU Unit Converter Adicot, Inc.'s online calculator converts kilowatts (kW), horsepower (HP), BTU/h, tons. Quickly and accurately convert units with just a few clicks. The calculator also offers a wide range of units, including kW, HP, BTU/h, tons, and more. Adicot, Inc.'s online calculator is an efficient and effective solution for anyone looking to simplify the process of unit conversions. Whether you're working in the HVAC industry, engineering, or any other field that requires frequent unit conversions, our calculator can help you save time and improve accuracy. Try it out today and experience the benefits for yourself! ​ Instructions: Enter the value of the unit to convert Select one of the following unit types: Btu/hour​ foot pound-force/hour horsepower kilowatt MBH pound-foot/hour ton (refrigeration) watt The Results table will calculate and auto-populate all the conversions. RELATED CALCULATORS: Heating and Cooling Equip Efficiency Converter Ohms Law Temperature Converter Duct Size Calculator kW, HP, BTU Unit converter

Linear Interpolation Methodology, Equations, and Examples ​ Linear interpolation is a numerical method for curve fitting or estimating values between two known data points on a straight line. It is a basic form of interpolation that assumes a linear relationship between the given data points. When you have a set of data points that do not form a smooth curve but instead lie on a straight line, linear interpolation can be used to estimate the values at points between the given data points. This method assumes that the relationship between the data points is linear and fills in the missing values accordingly. ​ Linear interpolation is commonly used in various fields, such as mathematics, computer graphics, data analysis, and engineering. It provides a simple and quick approximation of missing or intermediate values, especially when the data points lie in a straight line. However, other interpolation methods, such as spline interpolation, may be more appropriate for more complex curves or when a smoother fit is required. ​ ​ To perform linear interpolation, we need two adjacent data points, let's call them (x1, y1) a nd (x2, y2), with x1 < x2. The goal is to estimate the value of an unknown point (x, y). The linear interpolation equations are: ​ ​ y = y1(x2-x)/(x2-x1) + y2(x-x1)/(x2-x1) ​ ​ Note that (x - x1) represents the distance between the unknown point and the first data point, (x2-x) represents the distance between the second data point and the unknown point, and (x2 - x1) represents the distance between the two data points. By calculating the ratio of these distances, we can determine the position of the unknown point along the line connecting the two data points. The result will be an estimation of the unknown point's value based on the assumption of a straight line between the two adjacent data points. ​ It's important to note that linear interpolation assumes a linear relationship between data points, which may not always be accurate, particularly if the data exhibits more complex patterns. In such cases, spline interpolation or other more sophisticated methods may be used to achieve more accurate results. However, linear interpolation is a simple and quick method for estimating values within a given range based on a straight-line approximation. ​ Example : Suppose you want to calculate the Total Cooling Capacity of a 5-ton Bryant® package unit . A snippet of the equipment's performance data table at design conditions is provided. For our scenario, the design conditions are: ​ Condenser Entering Air Temperature: 79oF Evaporator Entering Wet Bulb Temperature: 63oF ​ ​ Solution: ​ For Solutions 1, 2, and 3 , use the following inputs, which are provided in the table: ​ y1 = 55.04 MBtuh y2 = 52.59 MBtuh x1 = 75oF x2 = 85oF x = 79oF ​ Solution 1: To graphically find the Total Cooling Capacity at 79oF Condenser Entering Air Temperature and 63oF Evaporator Entering Wet Bulg Temperature, plot the given information on a graph. Plot (x1, y1) where, from the performance data table, x1=75oF, the lower bonding value for x, and y1=55.04MBtuh, the Total Capacity at 75oF. Plot (x2, y2) where, from the performance data table, x2=85oF, the upper bounding value for x, and y2= 52.59 MBtuh, the Total Capacity at 85oF. Draw a straight line between those two points; let's call this line the "slope." Draw a vertical line at x=79oF. Draw a horizontal line from where the vertical line at 79oF intersects the slope to the y-axis. The point at which this line intersects is the y value. For our example, the y value is approximately 54MBtuh . That is, by linear interpolation, when the Condenser Entering Temperature is 79oF, the Total Cooling Capacity is approximately 54 MBtuh. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Solution 2 : Solve for y using the equation provided: ​ y = y1(x2-x)/(x2-x1) + y2(x-x1)/(x2-x1) ​ = 55.04(85-79)/(85-75) + 52.59(79-75)/(85-75) = 54.06 MBtuh ​ Solution 3: To Solve using the Linear Interpolation calculator, enter the given inputs. The result appears at the bottom of the calculator as 54.06 MBtuh. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Linear interpolation is commonly used in various fields for the following reasons: ​ Data approximation: Linear interpolation allows us to estimate values between known data points, providing a smooth approximation of the underlying data. This is particularly useful when we have limited data points and want to infer values at intermediate positions. Data visualization: When plotting data on a graph or chart, linear interpolation can be used to fill in missing or incomplete data points. This helps create a more continuous and visually appealing representation of the data. Function approximation: Linear interpolation can be used to approximate a function based on a set of discrete data points. An estimate of the function's behavior between the data points can be obtained by connecting the points with straight lines. This is especially useful when the function is not explicitly known or difficult to compute. Time series analysis: Linear interpolation is often applied in time series analysis to fill in missing values in a sequence of data points. By estimating the missing values using adjacent known values, the time series can be more accurately represented, allowing for more reliable analysis and forecasting. Numerical methods: Linear interpolation is foundational in various numerical methods and algorithms. It is commonly used as a building block for more complex interpolation schemes, such as cubic spline interpolation. Instructions: Fill in values for x1 and x2 , which are the bounding values for x Fill in values for y1 and y2 , which are the bounding values for y Fill in either x or y Click the Calculate button, and the calculator will solve for x if you entered a value for y, or y if you entered a value for x. RELATED CALCULATOR: Bilinear / Double Interpolation Calculator Linear Interpolation Linear Intepolation Example Jump to Examples

Psychrometric Chart 2-Condition Calculator RELATED CALCULATORS: Air Mixing Calculator Condensate Generated Duct Size Calculator Coil Leaving Air Temperature Adicot's Psychrometric Chart Calculator is a powerful technical tool designed to facilitate the calculation and analysis of various parameters associated with the thermodynamic properties of air. In addition to standard Psychrometric Calculations, our 2-Condition Calculator also calculates Total, Sensible, and Latent Cooling, Condensate Generated and Airflow Rate per Ton. With its user-friendly interface, this webpage allows users to input key parameters such as dry-bulb temperature, wet-bulb temperature, dewpoint temperature, relative humidity, and altitude. Based on these inputs, the calculator generates a range of essential results, including dew point temperature, enthalpy, humidity ratio, specific volume, atmospheric pressure, saturation vapor pressure, and partial vapor pressure. These results offer a detailed representation of the thermodynamic properties of moist air, enabling engineers to make informed decisions about HVAC system design, analyze the performance of existing systems, and effectively troubleshoot air conditioning issues. The practical applications of Adicot's Psychrometric Chart Calculator are vast. HVAC professionals can leverage its capabilities to optimize the design and efficiency of air conditioning systems, ensuring optimal comfort and energy consumption. Mechanical engineers can use the tool to analyze and fine-tune the performance of ventilation systems, ensuring the safety and well-being of occupants in various environments. By harnessing the power of Adicot's Psychrometric Chart Calculator, air conditioning professionals, and HVAC/mechanical engineers can access a wealth of information and make data-driven decisions. This invaluable resource empowers them to enhance their expertise, streamline their processes, and ultimately deliver high-quality solutions in the field of air conditioning and thermodynamics. Instructions: Select Metric or US units Select the first input parameter: Temperature,Dry Bulb , oF [oC] Temperature,Dew Point , oF [oC] Enter the Entering and Exiting values for the first selected input parameter Select the second input parameter: Temperature,Wet Bulb * , oF [oC] Relative Humidity, % Enter the Entering and Exiting values for the second selected input parameter. Enter the air flow rate to calculate the Total, Sensible, and Latent Cooling, Condensate Generated, and Air Flow Rate per ton. Enter the project's altitude. Click the Calculate button. The results are shown in the Results table * Temperature , Wet Bulb , is only available as an input when the first input is Temperature, Dry Bulb Methodology: ​ The following formulas are used in this calculator. They have been adapted from the 2021 ASHRAE Handbook -Fundamentals. p = 14.696 (1-6.8754 x 10^(-6)Z )^5.2559 t = 59 - 0.00356620Z ​ For 32oF < t < 707.103oF: p,ws = 145.03774 (2C / (-B + (B ^2 - 4AC )^0.5))^4 ​ See ASHRAE Handbook-Fundamentals for Coefficient Values, A , B, and C. ​ W = Mw / Mda ​ RH% = (p,w / p,s ) ​ v = 0.370486 (t,db + 459.67)(1 + 1.607858) / p ​ h = 0.240 t + W (1061 + 0.444t ) ​ p,w = p x W / (0.621945 + W ) ​ where h = specific enthalpy [Btu/lb,da ] p = barometric pressure [psia] p,w = water vapor partial pressure [psia] p,s = saturation water vapor pressure [psia] p,ws = saturation pressure [psia] t = temperature [oF] T,d = dew point temperature [oF] t,db = dry bulb temperature [oF] t,wb = wet bulb temperature [oF] v = specific volume [ft^3/lb,da] W = humidity ratio [lb,w / lb,da] Z = Altitude [ft] Go To our Original Psychrometric Chart Calculator Psychrometric 2 Condition

FLORIDA BUILDING CODE, ENERGY CONSERVATION FILLABLE FORM R402-2022 Residential Building Thermal Envelope Approach Click Here for the Fillable Commercial Energy Form Jump to Energy Form Welcome to the 2020 Florida Energy Conservation Code's Fillable Form 402. Adicot's fillable form allows users to easily and quickly calculate compliance with Florida's Energy Code requirements. This form is based on the 7th Edition of the Florida Energy Conservation Code and includes the 2022 Supplement to the 7th Edition (2020) Florida Building Code . It is a fillable form, so users can quickly update and save their calculations for future reference. This form is invaluable for engineers, contractors, architects, and builders. ​ Instructions: Checklist Tab : Check the boxes indicating which documents will be included with the submission of this form. Project Info Tab : Enter the required project information: Project Name, Project Address, Project County, Owner, whether it is a Worst Case analysis, and the project's Conditioned Floor Area [square feet]. Enter any additional available information, including Builder, Permitting Office, Permit Number, and Jurisdiction Number. Note: if the County options are shown as [Dymanic Dropdown] , you must refresh the page. Insulation & Fenestration Tab : Fill in all the applicable spaces of the “INSTALLED” row in the INSULATION AND FENESTRATION REQUIREMENTS BY COMPONENT table. All “INSTALLED” values must be equal to or more efficient than the required levels. Note: the top left corner of the previous page, FORM R402-2020, shows the Climate Zone. “AVG” indicates the allowed area-weighted average. “LOWEST” indicates the lowest allowable R-value to be installed. Only fill in values for building components that are being replaced. Enter "N/A" for any components not being replaced as part of this project's scope. Check the box indicating whether the project Passes or Fails the R-Valuation Method. Equip Requirements Tab : Fill out each line of the EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS AND INSTALLED VALUES Form. Enter "N/A" for any equipment not being installed as part of this project's scope. Check the box indicating whether the Project Passes or Fails the Equipment Efficiency Criteria. Mandatory Tab : Check appropriate boxes indicating which ones you will comply with. Print All forms by selecting the Print All button at the top or bottom of the form. Read, sign, and date the “Prepared By” certification statement at the bottom of this form. The owner or owner’s agent must also sign and date the form. Energy-Residential

Air Change Rate Calculator Instructions: Review the methodology to ensure it aligns with your project's requirements. Select English or SI Units Select Input Criteria - the calculator will solve for the other value. Air Flow Rate​ Air Change Rate Enter the room height Select how to enter the room area: Enter the area directly​ Enter the length and width of the room Click the Calculate button The results will be displayed in the results window Jump to an Example Air Change Rate RELATED CALCULATORS: Coil Selection Calculator Condensate Generated Duct Size Calculator Psychrometric Calculations Air Change Rate Calculation Example Methodology, Equations, and Example: ​ Air change rate, also known as air changes per hour (ACH), measures the number of times the air within a space is completely replaced with fresh air in one hour. It is commonly used to assess and quantify the ventilation efficiency of a room or building. The air change rate is calculated by dividing the total volume of air supplied or extracted from the space by the volume of the space itself. The result is expressed as the number of air changes per hour. ​ ​ Q = ACH x 1hr/60 min x Room Volume ​ Where: Q - Air Flow Rate [ CFM ( l/s )] ACH - Air Changes per Hour Room Volume - L x W x H ​ Example : What volume of Air needs to be supplied to a 12'-0" x 12'-0" room that is 14'-0" high to achieve 3 air changes per hour? ​ Q = (3 Air Changes/hr) x (1hr / 60 mins) x (12'-0" x 12'-0" x 14'-0") = 100.80 CFM (Cubic Feet per Minute) ​ The air change rate is important because it directly impacts indoor air quality and occupant comfort. Here are a few reasons why ACH is used: ​ Ventilation and air quality: Higher ACH values indicate better ventilation and improved air quality. Increasing the rate of air changes helps remove indoor toxins, including odors, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), carbon dioxide, odors, and airborne contaminants. Fresh air is introduced while stale air is expelled, reducing the risk of respiratory issues and promoting a healthier environment. Temperature and humidity control: Proper ventilation through sufficient air changes helps maintain comfortable temperature and humidity levels. It prevents the buildup of excess heat or moisture, which can lead to discomfort, mold growth, and other issues. Controlling airborne pathogens: In settings such as hospitals, laboratories, and cleanrooms, controlling airborne pathogens is crucial. Higher air change rates help dilute and remove infectious particles, reducing the risk of spreading diseases. Compliance with building codes and standards: Many building codes and standards specify minimum air change rates for different types of spaces. These guidelines ensure that occupants have an acceptable air quality and comfort level. ACH values are used to verify compliance during building design, construction, and operation. ​ It's important to note that the optimal air change rate depends on various factors, including the size and function of the space, occupancy levels, and specific requirements or regulations. Engineering professionals and building designers consider these factors in determining the appropriate ACH for a particular environment.

Work Order - Commercial Click here for the Residential Work Order Commercial WO Secret Key

Breakeven Calculator Adicot, Inc.'s Breakeven Calculator is perfect for quickly and accurately determining the breakeven point of a project. It allows you to input your sales, variable costs, and fixed costs per period in order to calculate the breakeven point (number of units) and the profit period for the remaining units. With this calculator, you'll be able to make more informed decisions on your projects. ​ Instructions: Enter your Project Name in the Heading Enter the Sales per unit information: Sales price per unit, and​ Sales volume per period Enter the applicable per unit variable costs: Commission​ Direct material Shipping Supplies And any other variable costs Enter the fixed costs per period: Administrative Costs​ Insurance Property tax Rent And any other fixed costs The Breakeven Point as number of units, and the Profit per period for the remaining units are calculated and displayed in the results boxes. ​ RELATED CALCULATORS: Present & Future Value (Engineering Economics) Capital Gains Estimator Breakeven Calculator

Vapor Pressure Deficit (VPD) RELATED CALCULATORS: Condensate Generated Dehumidifier Size Calculator Duct Size Calculator Air Mixing Calculator Welcome to Adicot's online Vapor Pressure Deficit (VPD) calculator—an invaluable resource for those seeking to master the delicate dance between humidity and plant health. Our calculator simplifies the process of determining VPD, a crucial parameter in horticulture and agriculture. By considering temperature and relative humidity, our calculator swiftly generates accurate VPD values, allowing growers and cultivators to fine-tune their environmental conditions for optimal plant growth and productivity. Whether you're a seasoned horticulturist or an aspiring green thumb, Adicot's VPD calculator empowers you to create the ideal microclimate for your plants, ensuring their vitality and success. Harness the power of precision and cultivate excellence with our online VPD calculator. VPD Calculator

Mechanical Equipment Wind Pressure Calculator Adicot, Inc.'s Mechanical Equipment Wind Pressure Calculator calculates lateral and uplift pressures on mechanical equipment installed on rooftops, wall-mounted equipment, or slab-mounted equipment. Our calculator utilizes the ASCE 7-16 Wind Pressure Methodology and Equations. Our calculator takes into account various parameters such as building height, exposure category, equipment location, and wind speed. Whether you are an engineer, architect, or contractor, our Mechanical Equipment Wind Pressure Calculator can help you determine the wind loads on equipment. ​ Instructions: Enter the equipment model number. This will be used for the results report. Select whether you are designing for rooftop equipment (y/n). If Yes: Select whether the project is located in Florida (y/n). In Florida, rooftop units installed on stands have minimum clearance requirements below the equipment for maintenance. Enter the clearance below the equipment or the equipment curb height [ft]. Enter the roof height [ft]. If No: Select whether you are designing for wall-mounted equipment or slab-mounted equipment at grade. Enter the equipment dimensions, Length, Depth, and Height [in] Select the Risk Category Enter the Ultimate Wind Velocity Enter the Exposure Category The lateral pressure and uplift pressure are shown in the table. Click on the Results tab at the top of the calculator for a pdf printout of the results. RELATED CALCULATORS: Coil Selection Calculator Dehumidifier Size Calculator Duct Size Calculator Diffuser Size Calculator Mech Equip

Circle Sphere Calculator ​​ Instructions: Review the methodology to ensure it aligns with your project's requirements. Select US or Metric Units Select Input type: Diameter​ of a Circle or Sphere Radius of a Circle of Sphere Circumference of a Circle of Sphere Area of a Circle Volume of a Sphere Area of a Sphere Enter Input value Select the units for the input value. Click the Calculate button The results are displayed in the Results table ​ ​ Methodology, Equations and Examples: Welcome to our Circle/Sphere Calculator! With our user-friendly tool, you can effortlessly find the area of a circle, the radius, the diameter, the circumference of a circle, and the area of a circle. Our Circle/Sphere Calculator also allows you to calculate the volume of a sphere and the surface area of a sphere. ​ This area of a Circle Calculator can easily Calculate the area of a circle, surface area of a sphere, volume of a sphere, circumference of a circle, radius of a circle, and diameter of a circle. Input any measurement, and our calculator will promptly provide you with the results of all other measurements, eliminating the need for manual calculations. ​ The mathematical constant π (pi) is vital for circle calculations. It is the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter. It is approximately equal to 3.14159. Our Circle Calculator employs this constant to ensure precise calculations. Cir Dia Area Circumference The radius is the distance between the center of a circle or sphere and any point on its circumference or surface. By determining the radius and diameter, you can find the circumference area and vice versa. Our Circle/Sphere calculator extends its capabilities to sphere calculations. If you have the volume or surface area of a sphere, our Circle/Sphere Calculator can swiftly calculate the radius and diameter. This feature is particularly u seful for engineers, mathematicians, and students who work with three-dimensional shapes. ​ The Equations for the radius, diameter, circumference, area of a circle, volume of a sphere, and surface area of a sphere are: ​ Diameter = 2 x R Area of a Circle = π x D^2 /4 Circumference = π x D Volume of a Sphere = 4/3 x π x R^3 Area of a Sphere = 4 x π x R^2 ​ where: D= diameter R= radius ​ Example 1 : A soccer ball has a volume of 5,575 cm^3 . Calculate the radius of the soccer ball. ​ Volume = 4/3 x π x R^3 ​ Rearrange terms to solve for R: ​ R = (3 x V / 4 / π )^(1/3) ​ Substitute given value for the Volume: ​ R = (3 x 5,575 cm^3 /4 / π ) = 10.9998 cm ​ Example 2 : Find the surface area of the soccer ball from Example 1 ​ Surface Area of a Sphere = 4 x π x R^2 ​ Substitute calculated value for the radius, R, Example 1 (10.9998 cm): ​ A = 4 x π x (10.9998 cm)^2 = 1,520.48 cm^2

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How can we help? Click Here to Learn about Specifying Your Product Using our Calculators Submit Thanks for submitting! Please note that since our HVAC Engineering Calculators are free to use, it can sometimes take us a while to respond to comments, questions, and suggestions. We really appreciate your patience! ​ We hope you continue to enjoy our HVAC Engineering Calculators!